tllg hk úhoñka ,xldfõ f.j,a 900 la w¨;ska yokak mq¿jka
Yíoh ;mamrhlg óg¾ 343'2 l fõ.fhka .uka lrhs' tkï mehg lsf,daóg¾
1235 l fõ.fhks' fï wkqj úkdählg Yíoh hk fõ.h o< jYfhka lsf,da óg¾ 20 ls'
;;a;ajh fuh kï Yíofha fõ.fhka .uka lrk jdykhla yod .ekSug Tng yelshdj wef;d;a
ta jdykfha ke.S wêfõ.S ud¾.h Èf.a úkdä 5 lska .d,a,g heug Tng mq¿jk' Yíoh mrojk
fõ.h iqm¾fidksla fõ.h f,i y÷kajkq ,efí' iqm¾fidksla fõ.fhka .uka l< yels
.=jka hdkhla iE§ug 1944 § m¾fhaIK mgka .;a weußlka rch 1948 § mehg lsf,daóg¾
1600 l fõ.fhka hk .=jka hdkhla ksmoùh' 1969 § m%xYh iy ì%;dkHh tlaj mehg
lsf,daóg¾ 2180 l fõ.fhka hk uÕS .=jka hdkhla ksmojd thg fldkaflda¾â hk ku
;enqfõh'
tys .uka l< yels jQ uÕSka .Kk 128 ls' 1976 § fujeks hdkd 62 la idok ,o w;r" tajd uÕS m%jdykh i|yd fhdojk ,§' tfy;a fï hdkdj,ska mßirhg lrk úYd, ydkshla úh' tkï fï hdkh .uka lrk úg jd;h iuÕ yg.kakd wêl >¾IKh ksid úYd, .s.sreula we;s úh' tu .s.sreug mDÓúh jgd ;sfnk Tfidaka ia:rfha ys,a yefokakg úh' ta neúka 2003 fkdjeïn¾ 26 jeksod fldkafldaâ hdkd úY%du .kajk ,§'
tys .uka l< yels jQ uÕSka .Kk 128 ls' 1976 § fujeks hdkd 62 la idok ,o w;r" tajd uÕS m%jdykh i|yd fhdojk ,§' tfy;a fï hdkdj,ska mßirhg lrk úYd, ydkshla úh' tkï fï hdkh .uka lrk úg jd;h iuÕ yg.kakd wêl >¾IKh ksid úYd, .s.sreula we;s úh' tu .s.sreug mDÓúh jgd ;sfnk Tfidaka ia:rfha ys,a yefokakg úh' ta neúka 2003 fkdjeïn¾ 26 jeksod fldkafldaâ hdkd úY%du .kajk ,§'
by; i|yka l;kaorh wmg isysm;a jQfha bkaÈhdj úiska bkaÈhdfõ u
iajfoaYsl iud.ulska iqm¾fidksla j¾.fha ñihs, 200 la fvd,¾ ì,shk 13 l ñ,g .ekSug
wekjqï lr we;s nj wka;¾cd,fha m<ùu;a iuÕu h' fï ñihs, ksmojkafka bkaÿ -
reishka fm!oa.,sl iud.ula jk flar<fha n%yafudia m%hsjÜ ,sñgâ wdh;kh u.sks'
fï iud.fuka 50'5] la bkaÈhdjg wh;a w;r 49'5] la reishdjg wh;a h' 1998 § fï
iud.u mgka .ekSu i|yd uQ,sl .súiqï w;aika lrk ,§' wdrïNl m%d.aOkh jYfhka
reishdj fvd,¾ ñ,shk 123'75 la o bkaÈhdj fvd,¾ ñ,shk 126'25 la o fhdojk ,oafoah'
Tjqka ish wdrïNl lïy, mgka .;af;a flar<fha ;srejdkkaomqrï k.rfha h' n%yafudaia
ku tu fldïmekshg ;nk ,oafoa bkaÈhdfõ m%uqL .x.djla jk n%yaumq;% iy reishdfõ
fudialõ k.rh hk kï fofla uq,a fldgia tl;= lrh' fuys§ wms bkaÈhdfõ w§k Ñka;khg
ysi kuuq' wms r;sC|aC|hla yeÿj;a thg ;nkakg W;aidy lrkafka bx.%Sis kuls' tfy;a
iajfoaYsl Ñka;khla we;s bkaÈhdkqjd miq.sh ld,fha§ ;u rfÜ idok ,o ñihs, y;rlg
iajfoaYsl ixialD; kï ;eîh'
thska m<uqjk ñihs,h w.aksh' fojekak mDÓúh';=kajekak wdldYah' isjqjekak kd.a h' n%yafudia hkq flá ÿr ñihs,hls' th .uka lrk
Wmßu ÿr ls' ó' 290 ls' úkdä 15 lg wvq ld,hla ;=< thg ish .ukdka;hg <Õd úh
yelsh' wi,ajdis mdlsia;dkh" nx.a,dfoaYh iy Ökh hk rgj, b,lalhlg fï ñihs,h
hEùug kï úkdä 4 - 5 lg jvd .; jkafka ke;' wä 28 la Wi wä 2 l úIalïNhla we;s
fuhg l%s' .%E' 200 la nr mqmqrK øjH f;d.hla iú l< yelsh' idudkHfhka ñihs,hlg
iú lrkq ,nk mqmqrKÊøjH ;SrKh lrkq ,nkafka i;=rdf.a iajNdjh wkqjh' i;=rd
ue~meje;aùug neß ;rï kmqre kï" úYd,;ajfhka b;d jeä kï iy ;jÿrg;a j¾Okh
jkafka kï ñihs,hg iú lrkafka kHIaál mqmqrK øjH h' kHIaál msmsreula hkq f,dalfha
Nhdklu msmsreuh' n%yafudia iud.u bkaÈhka wdKavqjg fï ñihs, úl=Kkafka tlla fvd,¾
úisy;a ,laI ;siaody ne.sks' th ,xldfõ uqo,ska remsh,a fldaá 40 lg iudkh' fï
ñihs,fha ;j;a jeo.;a ,laIKhla ;sfí' thg fmd<jg wä 46000 la Wäka .uka lr
ksje.È b,lalhg <Õd ùug mq¿jk' tfiau fmd<jg iudka;rj wä 12 la Wäka .uka
lsÍug o yelsh'
tfia hk w;r fï ñihs,h wy, my, ;sfnk Wia .iaj," l¨.,aj, fyda
Wia f.dvkeÕs,sj, fkd.efghs' th .efgkafka wNsu; b,lalh u; mu‚' fï ñihs,h b,lalh
n,d .=jka .; l< miq th .uka lrk ud¾.h md,k ueÈßhl isg keröug mq¿jk' wod<
b,lalhg myr §u wkjYH kï wdmiq yrjd .=jka .; l< ;ekg fuh f.kajd .ekSug o
mq¿jk'
bkaÈhdfõ ñihs, b;sydih
f,dalhg fjä fnfy;a y÷kajd fok ,oafoa l%s' j' 1044 Ök cd;sl ri
úoHd{hka úisks' iodl,a Ôj;a ùu i|yd fnfy;a fiùfï msiaiqj wo fukau to;a meje;s
w;r" tn÷ fnfy;la fidhkq ms‚i Ök ri úoHd{ msßila l< m¾fhaIKhl§ fjä
fnfy;a ìysúh' th mqmqrK øjHhla f,i fhdod .ekSug yels nj ÿgq Tjqyq ;Dma;su;aj
t;ekska kej;=ky' tfy;a Ökhg w,a,mq rg jQ bkaÈhdkqfjda fjä fnfy;aj,ska .; yels
Wmßu m%fhdack .ek m¾fhaIK l<y' 1721 isg 1782 Ôj;a jQ bkaÈhdfõ uhsiQ¾
rdcOdksfha ^wo fuh trg l¾Kdgl m%dka;h md,kh l< fldgils& yhsv¾ w,s Ldka
kue;s fuda.,a iq,a;dkajrhd ÖkÉpÜáj,ska ;ekQ wähla muK È." wÕ,a 3 l muK
úIalïNhla we;s fldaIhlg fjä fnfy;a mqrjd wä 6 la muK È. ,S oKavla w.g hd lr
wyia l+rla fyj;a wdldi fjä,a,la w;ayod ne¨fõh' bkamiq fuh mqmqrejk ;;a;ajhlg
m;a l< Tyq th m%ydrl wúhla njg m;a lf<ah' th f,dj m<uq ñihs,hhs' yhsv¾
w,sf.a mq;%hd jQ ámq iq,a;dka fï wúh jeäÈhqKq lr th w.g fome;a; lefmk È.=
msyshla ;nd mEiaiqfõh' fï frdlÜ wúh b,lalhg t,a, lr tys fjä kQ,g .sks ;enQ úg
b;d fõ.fhka .uka lr b,lalh isÿre lf<ah' ámq iq,a;dkag fin¿ka 1200 lska iukaú;
frdlÜ yuqodjla úh' ì%;dkHfha kef.kysr bkaÈhdkq fj<| iud.fï hqo yuqodj 1780 §
uhsiQ¾ m%dka;h hg;a lr .ekSug meñ‚ úg fulS m%d:ñl ñihs,j,ska myr § m,jd yeÍug
ámq iq,a;dkag yels úh' 1792 § ì%;dkH yuqod uhsiQrhg myr§ug h<s meñ‚ úg ámq
iq,a;dkf.a frdlÜ yuqodj 5000 la úh' 1799 § iq,a;dkaf.a yuqodj ì%;dkHh iuÕ
h<s;a j;djla igkg t<eUqk w;r th wjika igk úh' fï igkska iq,a;dka mrdchg
m;a úh' miqj hqo ìfï ;sî iq,a;dkag wh;a frdlÜ f,dakap¾ 600 la fkdmsmsre frdlÜ
700 la iy ysia frdlÜ fldmq 9000 la yuqúh' fuhska mdvula .;a iqoafoda 1801 §
f,dj m<uqq jk frdlÜ fjä m¾fhaIKdh;kh "Royal Azehal woolwich"kñka ì%;dkHfha§
wdrïN l<y'
bkaÈhdj úiska iqm¾fidksla ñihs, 200 la wekjqï lrkq ,en we;af;a
msiaiqjg fkdfõ' jfÜg ;sfnk rgj,ska Tjqkg ;¾ck we;' wi,ajdiS nx.,dfoaYfha iy
mdlsia;dkfha isák bia,dóh ;%ia; lKavdhï bkaÈhdjg úreoaOj l=uka;%K lr;s' tfiau
ldYaór fnÿïjd§ ;%ia;jd§ka yeu úgu bkaÈhdjg m%ydr t,a, lr;s' fï ksid Tjqkag
ñihs, w;HjYHh' fu;ek§ ,xldj .ek bkaÈhdjg lsisÿ m%Yakhla ke;' thg fya;=j
n%yafudia ñihs, mqÉpkafka ke;sj tl fg,sfmdaka flda,a tflka ,xldj l<ukdlrKh
lr .ekSug bkaÈhdjg yels ùuh'
-osjhsk - wkqr fid,ukaia
hd`tjkag;a n,kak fIhd¾ lrkak
